What causes swollen gums?
Swollen gums can develop from various reasons, most commonly due to gum inflammation that can progress into gingivitis or periodontitis. These conditions are often triggered by plaque and tartar buildup around the teeth and gums, which irritates and inflames the tissues. Other factors may also contribute.
Common Causes of Swollen Gums
1.Gingivitis – Caused by plaque and tartar buildup, leading to gum swelling, redness, and bleeding.
2.Periodontitis – A more severe stage of gum disease that affects the bone and supporting structures of the teeth, potentially causing loose teeth or tooth loss.
3.Tooth Decay (Cavities) – If decay spreads to the dental pulp, infection can occur, causing pus-filled swelling on the gums.
4.Impacted Wisdom Teeth – Wisdom teeth that fail to emerge properly may irritate the gums, leading to swelling and infection.
5.Infections – Oral infections can directly cause gum inflammation.
6.Injury or Trauma – Aggressive brushing or oral accidents can damage gum tissue.
7.Hormonal Changes – Pregnancy or menopause may make gums more sensitive and prone to swelling.
8.Nutritional Deficiencies – Lack of vitamins, especially B and C, can weaken gums.
9.Side Effects of Medication – Some drugs can cause gum overgrowth or swelling.
Symptoms That May Appear Along with Swollen Gums
- Red or tender gums
- Gum bleeding when brushing
- Painful gums
- Pus or abscesses
- Small swollen lumps on the gums
Treatment for Swollen Gums
The key to treatment is addressing the root cause. If you experience gum swelling, consult a dentist for proper diagnosis and care. Practicing good oral hygiene—such as brushing, flossing, and using mouthwash—helps prevent and reduce gum problems.
Specific Conditions Requiring Dental Attention:
- Bone growth–related swelling – Gums may appear pink or pale due to excess bone growth.
- Medication-induced swelling – Gums may become thick and firm. Discontinuing the medication and scaling can help; surgery may be needed in some cases.
- Chronic irritation – Causes firm gum lumps that may require surgical removal.
- Periodontal disease – Ranges from gingivitis (mild inflammation and bleeding) to periodontitis (bone loss, loose teeth, infection, pus). Treated with scaling and root planing.
- Pregnancy tumor (Pyogenic granuloma) – Found in pregnant women with poor oral hygiene; treated by removal and scaling.
- Gum abscess from tooth decay – Caused by pulp infection, requiring root canal treatment.
- Oral cancer – Rapidly growing lumps with swelling, numbness, and cauliflower-like appearance. Requires urgent dental care.
How Long Does Gum Swelling Take to Heal?
Mild gum swelling from irritation often heals within 1–2 weeks. Gum swelling from infection or periodontal disease may take 2–4 weeks or longer, depending on severity.
Factors Affecting Healing Time
- Cause of swelling (minor irritation vs. infection)
- Severity of symptoms (mild vs. abscess or bone loss)
- Oral care and hygiene habits
- Individual response to treatment
Prevention of Gum Swelling
By maintaining good oral hygiene and seeking timely dental care, you can keep your gums healthy and prevent gum disease. Book your next dental check-up with Denta-joy, where our team of specialists is ready to care for your smile.
เBy maintaining good oral hygiene and seeking timely dental care, you can keep your gums healthy and prevent gum disease. Book your next dental check-up with Denta-joy, where our team of specialists is ready to care for your smile.
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